Created page with "{{Infobox language |name=High Karanesa<br>{{hkrn|}} |familycolor=Conlang |pronunciation={{ipa|[ˈɾokadoŋ]}} |family=Nentan |early-forms=Classical Nenta, Imperial Karanesa |script={{unbulleted list|Castedan|Razhidan|Latin (English alphabet)}} |nation=Republic of Karan |demonym=Karanian |iso3=RKD |speakers=Several million |setting=Spectradom }} '''High Karanesa''' is a Nentan language spo..." |
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|name=High Karanesa<br>{{hkrn|}} | |name=High Karanesa<br>{{hkrn|}} | ||
|familycolor=Conlang | |familycolor=Conlang | ||
|pronunciation={{ipa|[ | |pronunciation={{ipa|[tʃàsˈtɛ̂kʰǎɾān]}} | ||
|family=[[Nentan languages|Nentan]] | |family=[[Nentan languages|Nentan]] | ||
|early-forms=[[Classical Nenta]], [[Imperial Karanesa]] | |early-forms=[[Classical Nenta]], [[Imperial Karanesa]] | ||
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|setting=[[Spectradom]] | |setting=[[Spectradom]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''High Karanesa''' is a [[Nentan languages|Nentan language]] spoken in eastern Quillan. It is the language of the [[Republic of Karan]]. | '''High Karanesa''' ([[Karanesa IPA|IPA]]: {{ipa|[tʃàsˈtɛ̂kʰǎɾān]}})is a [[Nentan languages|Nentan language]] spoken in eastern Quillan. It is the language of the [[Republic of Karan]]. | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
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| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced palatal approximant|j]] | | style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced palatal approximant|j]] | ||
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced labiovelar approximant|w]] | | style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced labiovelar approximant|w]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
! [[w:Lateral consonant|Lateral]] | ! [[w:Lateral consonant|Lateral]] | ||
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| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless alveolar lateral affricate|{{ipa|t͡ɬ}}]] || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced alveolar lateral affricate|{{ipa|d͡ɮ}}]] | | style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless alveolar lateral affricate|{{ipa|t͡ɬ}}]] || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced alveolar lateral affricate|{{ipa|d͡ɮ}}]] | ||
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced palatal lateral affricate|ʎ]] | | style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced palatal lateral affricate|ʎ]] | ||
| colspan="2" | | | colspan="2" | | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| colspan="2" | | | colspan="2" | | ||
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced alveolar tap|ɾ]] | | style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced alveolar tap|ɾ]] | ||
| colspan="2" | | | colspan="2" | | ||
| colspan="2" | | | colspan="2" | | ||
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====Notes==== | ====Notes==== | ||
* Centering vowels flatten before approximants and voiced laterals: {{ipa|/iə̯d͡ɮ aə̯ʎ uə̯j/ [ɪːdɮ əːʎ ʌːj]}}. | * Centering vowels flatten before approximants and voiced laterals: {{ipa|/iə̯d͡ɮ aə̯ʎ uə̯j/ [ɪːdɮ əːʎ ʌːj]}}. | ||
===Stress and accent=== | |||
Like most Nentan languages, High Karanesa has pitch accent. The stressed syllable, or "root", forms the base of the pitch contour, while adjacent syllables are affected by it. Most other syllables have a mid or "neutral" tone. There are three different pitch patterns: | |||
* Plateau tone: the accented syllable is high, and the following syllable is high-falling. If the second syllable is stressed, most High Karanesa dialects also give the preceding syllable a mid-falling pitch. | |||
* Valley tone: the accented syllable is high-falling, and the following syllable is mid-rising. | |||
* Summit tone: the accented syllable is low-rising, and the following syllable is high-falling. | |||
Some dialects appear to have a fourth tone, with no standard name but often called "open ocean tone" or "anti-plateau tone." The accented syllable is low, often lower even than summit tone, and the ''preceding'' syllable is mid-falling. This is associated with an onset backed /k/, which is why it is debated whether or not this is a phonemic tone. If it is one, then High Karanesa is tied for the most pitch accent patterns in the [[Nentan languages|Nentan family]]. | |||
==Orthography== | ==Orthography== | ||
High Karanesa may be either written using the Latin alphabet or one of the two native scripts: the calligraphic [[castedan]], or the blockletter [[razhidan]]. | High Karanesa may be either written using the Latin alphabet or one of the two native scripts: the calligraphic [[castedan]], or the blockletter [[razhidan]]. | ||
====Consonants==== | ====Consonants==== | ||
Consonant clusters that end in y drop the y before c or j, and change it to an i at the end of a word. | Consonant clusters that end in y drop the y before c or j, and change it to an i at the end of a word. | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! [[w:Close vowel|Close]] | ! [[w:Close vowel|Close]] | ||
| i | | i {{hkrn|}} | ||
| á | | á {{hkrn|}} | ||
| u | | u {{hkrn|}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! [[w:Close-mid vowel|Close-mid]] | ! [[w:Close-mid vowel|Close-mid]] | ||
| é | | é {{hkrn|}} | ||
| | | | ||
| ó | | ó {{hkrn|}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Centering | ! Centering | ||
| î | | î {{hkrn|}} | ||
| â | | â {{hkrn|}} | ||
| û | | û {{hkrn|}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! [[w:Open-mid vowel|Open-mid]] | ! [[w:Open-mid vowel|Open-mid]] | ||
| e | | e {{hkrn|}} | ||
| | | | ||
| o | | o {{hkrn|}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! [[w:Open vowel|Open]] | ! [[w:Open vowel|Open]] | ||
| | | | ||
| a | | a {{hkrn|}} | ||
| | | | ||
|} | |} | ||
[[Category:High Karanesa]] | |||